Y-SNP Haplogroup Hierarchy Finder: a web tool for Y-SNP haplogroup assignment (2024)

FAQs

What is the most common Y-DNA haplogroup? ›

Y-DNA Clade/Haplogroup R is the most frequent (72%) and I the second most common Y-DNA haplogroup (19%). Y-DNA haplogroups subclades observed in ALSPAC are shown in Figure 1b.

Haplogroups are defined through mutations (SNPs). Y-DNA haplogroups are defined by the presence of a series of Y-DNA SNP markers. Subclades are defined by a terminal SNP, the SNP furthest down in the Y-chromosome phylogenetic tree.

The Haplogroup Report provides haplogroup assignments which allow you to trace your ancestry from your mother through her mother and beyond and, for men, from your father through his father and beyond.

Y-DNA tests

Y-chromosome testing uncovers a person's Y-chromosome haplogroup, the ancient group of people from whom one's patrilineage descends. Because only one's male-line direct ancestors are traced by Y-DNA testing, no females (nor their male ancestors) from whom a male descends are encapsulated in the results.

The rarest haplogroup is U8a, part of haplogroup U. “Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U is among the initial maternal founders in Southwest Asia and Europe and one that best indicates matrilineal genetic continuity between late Pleistocene hunter-gatherer groups and present-day populations of Europe.”

Haplogroups reasonably thought to have participated in the Viking and Invader migration are F, G, I1, I2, N, Q, R1a and R1b.

By definition of haplogroup A as "non-BT", it is almost completely restricted to Africa, though a very small handful of bearers have been reported in Europe and Western Asia.

On the basis of comprehensive RFLP analysis, it has been inferred that ∼97% of Native American mtDNAs belong to one of four major founding mtDNA lineages, designated haplogroups “A”–“D.” It has been proposed that a fifth mtDNA haplogroup (haplogroup X) represents a minor founding lineage in Native Americans.

Most of your genetic relatives will actually fall outside of your haplogroup, because your haplogroup only tells you about direct paternal-line or maternal-line ancestors.

The Y chromosome H-M82 and the mtDNA M haplogroups are characterised by limited internal haplotype and sequence diversity, which can easily be explained with the accumulation of mutations within the Gypsy population subsequent to its founding, rather than variation among the founders.

What Y-DNA haplogroups are Italians? ›

The most frequent Y-DNA haplogroups in the group represented by populations from North-Western Italy, including Tuscany and most of the Padana plain, are four R1b-lineages (R-U152*, R-M269*, R-P312* and R-L2*).

Most Native American Y chromosomes belong to haplogroup Q and lie within the branch Q-L54, which coalesces at 18.9 (16.7–21.4) kya but also contains Northern Eurasian chromosomes (Figures 2 and S1).

Haplogroup R1b1b2 (R-M269) is the commonest European Y-chromosomal lineage, increasing in frequency from east to west, and carried by 110 million European men.